Civil Rights Movements Worldwide — Flashcards
Grade 10 · Social Studies · Flashcards
Key terms, figures, and events from civil rights struggles around the globe.
Flashcards
- Civil Rights Movement (USA)
- A 1950s–1960s struggle led by figures like Martin Luther King Jr. to end racial segregation and discrimination against Black Americans.
- Apartheid
- South Africa's system of institutionalized racial segregation enforced from 1948 to 1991, which oppressed Black South Africans legally.
- Nelson Mandela
- ANC leader jailed for 27 years under apartheid; became South Africa's first Black president in 1994.
- Satyagraha
- Gandhi's concept of 'truth-force' — achieving justice through nonviolent resistance and moral persuasion.
- Salt March (1930)
- Gandhi led a 240-mile march to the sea to protest British salt taxes, igniting mass civil disobedience in India.
- Women's Suffrage
- Movement for women's right to vote; UK women won it in 1918, US women in 1920.
- The Troubles
- Ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland (1968–1998) between mostly Catholic nationalists and mostly Protestant unionists.
- Good Friday Agreement
- 1998 peace accord ending most violence in Northern Ireland by establishing power-sharing government.
- African National Congress (ANC)
- South African political organization founded in 1912 that led the anti-apartheid movement.
- Civil Disobedience
- Peaceful, deliberate violation of unjust laws as a form of protest, popularized by Thoreau and Gandhi.
- Desmond Tutu
- South African Anglican bishop and anti-apartheid activist who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984.
- Indigenous Rights
- Movements by Aboriginal, First Nations, and other Indigenous peoples to reclaim land, sovereignty, and cultural identity.
- Boycott
- A form of protest involving the refusal to buy, use, or participate in something as a means of applying pressure.
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