European Union and NATO — Flashcards
Grade 10 · Social Studies · Flashcards
Key terms, treaties, and concepts related to the European Union and NATO.
Flashcards
- NATO
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization — a 32-member military alliance founded in 1949 for collective defense.
- Article 5 (NATO)
- Collective defense clause stating an attack on one NATO member is an attack on all; invoked first after 9/11.
- European Union (EU)
- A political and economic union of 27 European nations with a single market, shared currency (euro), and common laws.
- Maastricht Treaty (1993)
- Treaty that officially established the EU and set the path to adopting the euro as a common currency.
- Treaty of Rome (1957)
- Founded the European Economic Community (EEC), an early precursor to the EU focused on a common market.
- Euro
- The common currency shared by 20 of 27 EU member states; introduced 1999 (banking) and 2002 (cash).
- Single Market
- EU policy ensuring free movement of goods, services, capital, and people across member state borders.
- Schengen Area
- 27-country zone where travelers move freely without passport checks at internal borders.
- Brexit
- The UK's withdrawal from the EU in 2020 following the 2016 referendum; reduced EU membership from 28 to 27.
- European Parliament
- Directly elected legislative body of the EU representing EU citizens; one of several key EU institutions.
- NATO Expansion
- Post-Cold War growth of NATO; grew from 12 to 32 members, including many former Soviet-bloc countries.
- Collective Defense
- The principle that members of an alliance will defend each other against attack, the foundation of NATO.
- Democratic Backsliding
- The weakening of democratic institutions and rule of law within a country, a concern in some EU and NATO member states.
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