Networking and Internet Architecture Flashcards
Grade 10 · Technology · Flashcards
Master key networking terms, protocols, and concepts essential for understanding internet architecture.
Flashcards
- OSI Model
- A 7-layer framework (Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application) standardizing network communication.
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
- A connection-oriented protocol that ensures reliable, ordered, error-checked delivery of data between applications.
- UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
- A connectionless protocol that sends data quickly without guaranteeing delivery or order; used in streaming and gaming.
- IP (Internet Protocol)
- The protocol responsible for addressing and routing packets of data from source to destination across networks.
- IPv4
- 32-bit addressing protocol that supports approximately 4.3 billion unique addresses in dotted-decimal format.
- IPv6
- 128-bit addressing protocol designed to replace IPv4, supporting a virtually unlimited number of unique addresses.
- DNS
- Domain Name System — a distributed naming system that maps human-readable domain names to IP addresses.
- Router
- A device that forwards data packets between different networks, selecting optimal paths using routing tables.
- Switch
- A device that connects multiple devices within a LAN and uses MAC addresses to forward data only to the correct destination device.
- Firewall
- Hardware or software that filters network traffic based on security rules to protect a network from unauthorized access.
- HTTP
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol — the foundation of data communication on the web; transmits web pages in plain text (port 80).
- HTTPS
- HTTP Secure — uses SSL/TLS encryption to secure data transmitted between browser and web server (port 443).
- Packet
- A unit of data formatted for transmission over a network, containing a header (addressing info) and payload (data).
- Bandwidth
- The maximum data transfer rate of a network connection, measured in bits per second (bps, Mbps, Gbps).
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