Factors and Multiples Flashcards

Grade 4 · Math · Flashcards

Master key vocabulary and practice identifying factors, multiples, and prime numbers.

Flashcards

Factor: A whole number that divides evenly into another number; 3 is a factor of 12 because 12 ÷ 3 = 4
Multiple: The product of a number and any whole number; multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 ...
Prime number: A number with exactly 2 factors: 1 and itself; examples: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13
Composite number: A number with more than 2 factors; examples: 4 (1,2,4), 6 (1,2,3,6), 9 (1,3,9)
The number 1: Has exactly one factor (itself); it is neither prime nor composite
2 is the only even prime: All other even numbers are divisible by 2 as well as 1 and themselves, making them composite
Factors of 36: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36 — nine factors total
GCF (Greatest Common Factor): The largest number that is a factor of two or more numbers; GCF of 8 and 12 is 4
LCM (Least Common Multiple): The smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers; LCM of 3 and 4 is 12
Divisibility rule for 2: A number is divisible by 2 if its last digit is 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 (even numbers)
Divisibility rule for 5: A number is divisible by 5 if its last digit is 0 or 5
Divisibility rule for 3: A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3; e.g., 123: 1+2+3=6, 6÷3=2 ✓
Factor pairs of 30: 1 × 30, 2 × 15, 3 × 10, 5 × 6 — four factor pairs