Multi-Digit Multiplication Flashcards

Grade 4 · Math · Flashcards

Practice key multiplication facts, vocabulary, and strategies for multi-digit problems.

Flashcards

Product: The result of multiplying two or more numbers; in 6 × 7 = 42, the product is 42
Factor: A number being multiplied; in 6 × 7 = 42, both 6 and 7 are factors
Standard algorithm: A step-by-step multiplication method using place value: multiply each digit, regroup, then add partial products
Regrouping (carrying): When a digit product reaches 10 or more, carry the tens value to the next place column
Partial product: An intermediate result when multiplying; for 23 × 14, the partial products are 92 (23 × 4) and 230 (23 × 10)
Zero placeholder: A 0 written in the ones place when recording the second partial product to maintain correct place value
67 × 4: 268 — (7 × 4 = 28, write 8 carry 2; 6 × 4 + 2 = 26)
38 × 12: 456 — partial products: 38 × 2 = 76 and 38 × 10 = 380; 76 + 380 = 456
Multiply by 10: Shift all digits one place to the left and write a 0 in the ones place; e.g., 47 × 10 = 470
Multiply by 100: Shift all digits two places to the left and write two zeros; e.g., 47 × 100 = 4,700
Estimation strategy: Round each factor to the nearest ten, then multiply to check if your answer is reasonable
25 × 16: 400 — partial products: 25 × 6 = 150 and 25 × 10 = 250; 150 + 250 = 400
Commutative property of multiplication: You can multiply factors in any order and get the same product; 4 × 23 = 23 × 4 = 92