Energy Forms and Transfers Flashcards
Grade 6 · Science · Flashcards
Essential vocabulary for understanding the different forms of energy and how energy moves between objects.
Flashcards
- Energy
- The ability to do work or cause change in matter; measured in joules (J).
- Kinetic energy
- The energy of motion; any moving object has kinetic energy; KE increases with mass and speed.
- Gravitational potential energy
- Stored energy due to an object's height above the ground; increases with greater height and mass.
- Elastic potential energy
- Stored energy in a stretched or compressed elastic material such as a spring or rubber band.
- Chemical energy
- Energy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules; released in reactions like burning or digestion.
- Thermal energy
- The total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance; higher temperature means more thermal energy.
- Electrical energy
- Energy carried by moving electric charges through a conductor.
- Radiant (light) energy
- Energy carried by electromagnetic waves, including visible light, infrared, and ultraviolet radiation.
- Sound energy
- Energy carried by vibrations through matter; requires a medium to travel.
- Conduction
- Transfer of thermal energy through direct contact between particles; most effective in solids, especially metals.
- Convection
- Transfer of thermal energy through the movement of a heated fluid; warm fluid rises, cool fluid sinks.
- Radiation
- Transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves; requires no matter and can travel through a vacuum.
- Law of Conservation of Energy
- Energy cannot be created or destroyed; the total energy in a closed system remains constant.
- Energy transformation
- The process by which energy changes from one form to another, such as chemical to kinetic in a car engine.
Get a personalized course on Energy Forms and Transfers built around your child.