Introduction to Chemistry Flashcards
Grade 6 · Science · Flashcards
Core vocabulary for understanding matter, atomic structure, and chemical versus physical changes.
Flashcards
- Chemistry
- The branch of science that studies matter — its composition, properties, and how it changes.
- Matter
- Anything that has mass and takes up space; made of atoms.
- Atom
- The smallest particle of an element that has the chemical properties of that element; made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- Proton
- Positively charged (+1) subatomic particle found in the nucleus; determines the element's identity (atomic number).
- Neutron
- Neutral (no charge) subatomic particle found in the nucleus; contributes to atomic mass.
- Electron
- Negatively charged (-1) subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus; involved in chemical bonding.
- Element
- A pure substance made of only one type of atom; organized on the Periodic Table by atomic number.
- Periodic Table
- A chart of all known elements organized by increasing atomic number; elements in same column share properties.
- Compound
- A substance formed when two or more different elements chemically bond in a fixed ratio; has unique properties.
- Mixture
- Two or more substances physically combined but not chemically bonded; components can be separated.
- Solution
- A homogeneous mixture where one substance (solute) is evenly dissolved in another (solvent).
- Physical change
- A change in size, shape, or state of matter without changing its chemical composition; no new substance is formed.
- Chemical change
- A change that produces one or more new substances with different properties; signs include gas, color change, temperature change, precipitate.
- Molecule
- Two or more atoms bonded together; can be elements (O2) or compounds (H2O).
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