Photosynthesis and Respiration Flashcards
Grade 6 · Science · Flashcards
Key terms and concepts connecting photosynthesis and cellular respiration in living organisms.
Flashcards
- Photosynthesis
- Process by which plants use light energy, CO2, and H2O to produce glucose and O2; occurs in chloroplasts.
- Cellular respiration
- Process by which all living cells break down glucose using O2 to release energy (ATP), producing CO2 and H2O.
- Chloroplast
- Plant organelle containing chlorophyll; site of photosynthesis.
- Mitochondria
- Organelle found in all eukaryotic cells; site of cellular respiration; produces most of the cell's ATP.
- Chlorophyll
- Green pigment in chloroplasts that captures light energy; absorbs red and blue light; reflects green.
- Glucose
- Simple sugar (C6H12O6); the product of photosynthesis and the fuel for cellular respiration.
- ATP
- Adenosine triphosphate; the usable energy molecule produced by cellular respiration; powers cell processes.
- Stomata
- Tiny pores on leaf surfaces that regulate gas exchange (CO2 in, O2 out) and water vapor loss.
- Autotroph
- Organism that produces its own food using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis; also called a producer.
- Heterotroph
- Organism that must consume other organisms for energy; cannot make its own food.
- Carbon cycle
- The movement of carbon through photosynthesis (CO2 → glucose) and respiration (glucose → CO2) in ecosystems.
- Light-dependent reactions
- The first stage of photosynthesis that captures light energy and splits water to produce ATP and oxygen.
- Calvin cycle
- The second stage of photosynthesis that uses ATP to convert CO2 into glucose; does not directly require light.
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