Human Body Systems — Advanced Vocabulary
Grade 7 · Science · Flashcards
Review key terms for the major human body systems including circulatory, respiratory, nervous, and endocrine systems.
Flashcards
- Circulatory System
- The system that moves blood, nutrients, oxygen, and waste throughout the body using the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
- Artery
- A blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.
- Vein
- A blood vessel that carries oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
- Capillary
- The smallest blood vessel where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged between blood and body cells.
- Respiratory System
- The system that brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide using the lungs and airways.
- Alveoli
- Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs — oxygen enters blood and carbon dioxide leaves.
- Nervous System
- The control system of the body that uses the brain, spinal cord, and nerves to send and receive signals.
- Neuron
- A nerve cell that transmits electrical signals throughout the nervous system.
- Endocrine System
- The system of glands that produces and releases hormones to regulate body functions like growth, metabolism, and mood.
- Hormone
- A chemical messenger released by an endocrine gland that travels in the blood to affect target organs.
- Immune System
- The body's defense system that identifies and destroys pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
- Lymph Node
- A small organ in the lymphatic system that filters lymph fluid and stores white blood cells to fight infection.
- Digestive System
- The system that breaks down food into nutrients the body can absorb and use for energy.
- Enzyme
- A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body, such as breaking down food during digestion.
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