Great Depression and New Deal Flashcards
Grade 8 · Social Studies · Flashcards
Key events, causes, people, and programs of the Great Depression and FDR's New Deal.
Flashcards
- Black Tuesday (October 29, 1929)
- Stock market crash that triggered the Great Depression — billions in wealth wiped out in a single day
- Great Depression (1929-1939)
- Worst economic crisis in US history — 25% unemployment, mass poverty, bank failures
- Smoot-Hawley Tariff (1930)
- Raised tariffs on 20,000 goods; trading partners retaliated, collapsing international trade and deepening the Depression
- Dust Bowl
- 1930s disaster where drought and over-farming turned Great Plains topsoil to dust; 2.5 million people fled the region
- Okies
- Dust Bowl refugees from Oklahoma and surrounding states who migrated to California seeking work
- Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
- 32nd President who launched the New Deal — elected in 1932 landslide; served 4 terms (unprecedented)
- New Deal
- FDR's programs providing Relief, Recovery, and Reform during the Depression — permanently expanded federal government role
- FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)
- New Deal agency insuring bank deposits — prevents bank failures from wiping out savings
- Social Security Act (1935)
- Created retirement benefits, unemployment insurance, and disability assistance — still in effect today
- WPA (Works Progress Administration)
- New Deal program employing 8.5 million workers on public works — roads, bridges, schools, parks
- CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)
- New Deal program employing young men in national forests and parks — planted 3 billion trees
- SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission)
- New Deal agency regulating the stock market to prevent the fraud and speculation that caused the 1929 crash
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