Native American Cultures and History Flashcards
Grade 8 · Social Studies · Flashcards
Key terms, nations, events, and policies in Native American history for Grade 8 Social Studies.
Flashcards
- Haudenosaunee (Iroquois Confederacy)
- Alliance of 5-6 Native nations in the Northeast with a democratic constitution; 'People of the Longhouse'
- Pueblo Peoples
- Southwest Native nations who built multi-story stone structures and engineered irrigation systems in the desert
- Great Plains Nations
- Nations like Sioux, Comanche, and Cheyenne who developed horse-based, bison-hunting cultures
- Pacific Northwest Nations
- Nations like Chinook and Tlingit who built their cultures around salmon fishing and maritime trade
- Indian Removal Act (1830)
- Law signed by Andrew Jackson forcing eastern Native nations westward to 'Indian Territory'
- Trail of Tears
- Forced relocation of the Cherokee and other nations; thousands died from cold, disease, and starvation
- Reservation System
- Policy confining Native nations to government-designated land, often far from ancestral homelands
- Battle of Little Bighorn (1876)
- Major Native victory — Sioux and Cheyenne defeated Lt. Col. Custer's US Army forces
- Wounded Knee Massacre (1890)
- US Army killed ~250-300 Lakota Sioux — ended armed resistance on the Great Plains
- Boarding Schools
- Government schools that removed Native children from families to destroy their cultures and languages; motto: 'Kill the Indian, save the man'
- Sovereign Nation
- Status of Native American nations as self-governing political entities with their own laws and governments
- Great Law of Peace
- The Iroquois Confederacy's constitution — may have influenced the US Constitution and Bill of Rights
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