Music Appreciation Across Eras Flashcards
Grade 9 · Music · Flashcards
Key terms, composers, and concepts spanning the full history of Western music.
Flashcards
- Medieval Period (Music)
- c. 500–1400; Gregorian chant, early polyphony, Notre Dame School; music largely served the Catholic Church.
- Renaissance (Music)
- c. 1400–1600; rise of secular music, word painting, madrigals, and polyphonic choral music; Palestrina, Josquin.
- Baroque Period
- c. 1600–1750; basso continuo, ornate style, opera, concerto, fugue; Bach, Handel, Vivaldi, Monteverdi.
- Classical Period
- c. 1750–1820; clarity, balance, sonata form, symphony, string quartet; Haydn, Mozart, early Beethoven.
- Romantic Period
- c. 1820–1900; emotional intensity, program music, nationalism, large orchestras; Brahms, Tchaikovsky, Wagner, Chopin.
- Impressionism (Music)
- Late 19th–early 20th c.; evocative, atmospheric textures, whole-tone scales; Debussy, Ravel.
- 20th-Century Modernism
- Broad experimentation including atonality, serialism, neoclassicism, and minimalism; Schoenberg, Stravinsky, Cage.
- Symphony
- A large-scale multi-movement composition for orchestra, codified in the Classical era; typically 4 movements.
- Fugue
- A Baroque contrapuntal form where a subject is introduced and imitated by successive voices; mastered by Bach.
- Madrigal
- A Renaissance secular vocal piece, often for 4–6 voices, frequently featuring word painting and expressive text setting.
- Tone Poem
- A single-movement Romantic orchestral work that depicts a story, scene, or idea; associated with Liszt and Strauss.
- Minimalism
- A 20th-century style using repetition, gradual change, and simple patterns; associated with Philip Glass and Steve Reich.
- Jazz
- American music genre developed in the early 20th century combining blues, ragtime, and improvisation; enormous global influence.
- Oratorio
- A large-scale sacred choral composition for soloists, chorus, and orchestra performed without staging; Handel's Messiah is the most famous.
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