Imperialism and Colonialism Flashcards
Grade 9 · Social Studies · Flashcards
Essential terms for studying European imperialism and its global impact.
Flashcards
- Imperialism
- The practice of extending a nation's power by dominating other territories through military, political, or economic control.
- Colonialism
- Direct foreign control over a territory, including its governance, economy, and people.
- Scramble for Africa
- The rapid European colonization of Africa from the 1880s to 1914, when nearly the entire continent was divided among European powers.
- Berlin Conference
- 1884–85 meeting where European powers drew colonial boundaries in Africa with no African representation.
- Social Darwinism
- Pseudoscientific ideology misusing Darwin's evolution to argue European racial superiority justified colonizing 'inferior' peoples.
- Protectorate
- A territory that maintains nominal sovereignty but is effectively controlled by a foreign power.
- Sepoy Mutiny
- 1857 Indian uprising against British colonial rule; led to direct Crown rule of India.
- Raj
- The period of direct British rule over India (1858–1947) following the Sepoy Mutiny.
- Civilizing mission
- Paternalistic colonial ideology claiming Europeans had a duty to 'civilize' colonized peoples by imposing European culture and values.
- Decolonization
- The process by which colonized peoples gained independence from European powers, mostly in the mid-20th century.
- Resistance movements
- Organized efforts by colonized peoples to fight back against imperial rule through armed revolt, political organizing, or nonviolent protest.
- Unequal treaties
- Agreements forced on weaker nations (like Qing China) by colonial powers, granting foreign nations special economic and legal privileges.
Get a personalized course on Imperialism and Colonialism built around your child.